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What is DRAM? DRAM takes a role as storing and providing data required by computing processors. All modern computing processor follows Von-neumann structure. Under Von-neumann structure, processor gets instructions and operands from memory to execute the program. For example, to operate the simple math as “2+3”, instruction - “addition” - and operands - 2 and 3- are needed. Although computing processor is powerful, it cannot achieve its potential performance if memory system including DRAM cannot provide data properly. Von-neumann architecture (source: researchgate.net) The role of DRAM In the memory system, DRAM supplements insufficient capacity of SRAM and slow speed of SSD (HDD). The below figure represents memory hierarchy. From the top, register, SRAM cache (L1 to L3), DRAM and SSD (HDD) exist. Memory from register to DRAM is volatile, which means data perish if the power is off. Therefore, volatile memory is kind of temporal storage with power supply. Nonvolatile memory is SS...

The stock price of nVIDIA has skyrocketed in AI era. Although IT related stocks have experienced the same phenomenon under COVID-19, the stock price rally of nVIDIA is dramatic. Why did stock price of nVIDIA increase? I will find the answer with GPU, the core product of nVIDIA, and the emergence of AI era. What is GPU contributing to the most portion of nVIDIA profit? GPU (graphic processing unit) is literally the processor especially dedicated for graphic applications like game and movie edit. GPU complements the limits of CPU,  general-purpose processor. Graphic processing, generally, calculates color (texture) of numerous pixels constituting of a frame. For example, 4K resolution constitutes of about 8 millions of pixels. To play high-resolution games or movies, computing devices are required to calculate enormous pixels in simultaneously. However, CPU includes at most about 20 cores and each core can operate tens of instructions concurrently at ideal situation. Since CPU is aim...